互動式透鏡光線追蹤：凸透鏡與凹透鏡
Welcome to Billy Sir’s Interactive Physics Masterclass. In this interactive simulation, we will explore the principles of geometric optics through lens ray tracing. By adjusting the focal length, object distance, and object height, you can observe how real and virtual images are formed by both convex (converging) and concave (diverging) lenses.
歡迎來到 Billy Sir 的互動物理大師課。在這個互動模擬中，我們將透過透鏡光線追蹤來探索幾何光學的原理。藉由調整焦距、物距與物高，您可以觀察凸透鏡（會聚）與凹透鏡（發散）如何形成實像與虛像。
Lens Ray Tracer
透鏡光線追蹤
Billy Sir's Interactive Physics: Explore lens ray tracing. Adjust focal length, object distance, and height to see how lenses form real and virtual images.
由 PhyChemBillyLi 製作 | 探索透鏡光線追蹤。調整焦距、物距與物高，觀察實像與虛像的形成。
How to use the simulator:
Toggle between Finite Distance Mode and Infinity Mode to see how parallel light rays interact with the lens. Add extra rays to visualize the convergence or divergence of light after refraction.
如何使用模擬器：
在「有限距離模式」與「無限遠模式」之間切換，觀察平行光線如何與透鏡交互作用。加入額外光線以視覺化光線折射後的會聚或發散情況。
Understanding the Results:
- Real Images (實像): Formed when light rays actually converge at a point. They appear on the opposite side of the lens and can be projected onto a screen.
- Virtual Images (虛像): Formed when light rays diverge, but appear to originate from a common point behind the lens. They cannot be projected.
- Magnification (放大率, m): The ratio of the image height to the object height. If |m| > 1, the image is magnified.
理解結果：
- 實像： 當光線實際會聚於一點時形成。它們出現在透鏡的另一側，並可投影在螢幕上。
- 虛像： 當光線發散，但看起來像是從透鏡後方的一個共同點發出時形成。它們無法被投影。
- 放大率 (m)： 像高與物高的比值。如果 |m| > 1，則影像被放大。